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Overview
The Applied Biotechnology Center (ABC) is
a research and application support group within the Genetic
Resources Enhancement Unit. Under the new GREU vision the
main goal of the ABC is to develop intermediate products,
especially tools and methodologies that can improve the efficiency
of germplasm utilization and enhancement. The ABC provides
an ideal environment to accomplish these tasks. Here, a critical
mass of scientists from similar disciplines, as well as students
and technicians, can connect to work synergistically and efficiently
on related problems. Their combined efforts can help to bring
the benefits of biotechnology to resource-poor farmers around
the world.
Research
Projects and Activities
The ABC developmental activities
fall into two main GREU managed CIMMYT projects.
Project 1. Conservation, characterization
and utilization of maize and wheat genetic resources
Project 2. Technology-assisted tools and
methodologies for genetic improvement
The ABC application activities
fall into four main Global Maize Program and Global Wheat
Program managed CIMMYT projects.
Project 3: Stress tolerant maize
Project 4: Nutritional and specialty
traits for maize
Project 7: Water productive wheat
Project 8: Rust resistant wheat
The ABC operates through four thematic
groups:
- Maize Molecular Breeding
- Wheat Molecular Breeding
- Genomic Diversity
- Gene Introgression (through wide crosses,
marker assisted backcrossing, and genetic engineering)
Investigative
Techniques
The main investigative techniques used
in the ABC include:
- Molecular genetic analysis of maize and
wheat-related biodiversity
- Discovery and optimization of molecular
genetic markers
- Genetic linkage and disequilibrium (association)
mapping in diverse germplasm and breeding populations
- Gene expression analysis via Real Time
PCR
- Allele mining and candidate gene validation
- Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) and Marker-assisted
Backcross (MABC) breeding
- Microprojectile bombardment and Agrobacterium-mediated
genetic transformation
Collaborators
Key ABC collaborators include:
Within CIMMYT:
Around the world:
- National Agriculture Research Services
- Advanced Research Institutes
- Other CGIAR centers
Recent Publications
Journal Articles
Chen, F., X. Xia, M. William, M. Lillemo,
R. Trethowan, R.J. Pena, and Z. He. 2006. Determination and
evaluation of puroindoline alleles in CIMMYT wheats [in Chinese,
English abstract]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica 39 (8):
1518-1525.
Choukan, R. , A. Hossainzadeh, M.R. Ghannadha,
M.L. Warburton, A.R. Talei, and S.A. Mohammadi. 2006. Use
of SSR data to determine relationships and potential heterotic
groupings within medium to late maturing Iranian maize inbred
lines. Field Crops Research 95 (2-3): 212-222.
Crossa,J. J. Burgueño, S. Dreisigacker,
M. Vargas, S. A. Herrera-Foessel, M. Lillemo, R. P. Singh,
R. Trethowan, M. Warburton, J. Franco, J. H. Crouch and R.
Ortiz . 2007 (in press). Association analysis of historical
bread wheat germplasm using additive genetic covariance of
relatives and population structure. Genetics
Danson, J.W., M. Kimani, and M. Mbogori.
2006. Detection of Bacillus thuringiensis genes in
transgenic maize by the PCR method and FTA paper technology
African Journal of Biotechnology 5 (22): 2345-2349.
Danson, J.W., M. Lagat, and M. Mbogori.
2006. Screening tropical maize lines for the production and
regeneration of friable and embryogenic type II callus. African
Journal of Biotechnology 5 (23): 2367-2370
Danson, J.W., M. Mbogori, M. Kimani, M.
Lagat, A. Kuria, and A. Diallo. 2006. Marker assisted introgression
of opaque2 gene into herbicide resistant elite maize inbred
lines. African Journal of Biotechnology 5 (24): 2417-2422.
Danson, J., M. Lagat, J. Ininda, and M.
Kimani. 2006. Application of simple sequence repeats (SSRs)
markers to enhance the resistance of locally adapted maize
hybrids to damaging maize streak disease. African Journal
of Biotechnology 5 (16): 1430-1434.
Dubreuil, P., M. Warburton, M. Chastanet,
D. Hoisington, and A. Charcosset. 2006 More on the introduction
of temperate maize into Europe: large-scale bulk SSR genotyping
and new historical elements. Maydica 51 (2): 281-291.
Franco, J., J. Crossa, M.L. Warburton, and
S. Taba. 2006. Sampling strategies for conserving maize diversity
when forming core subsets using genetic markers. Crop Science
46 (2): 854-864.
Lagudah, E.S., H. McFadden, R.P. Singh,
J. Huerta-Espino, H.S. Bariana, and W. Spielmeyer. 2006. Molecular
genetic characterization of the Lr34/Yr18 slow rusting
resistance gene region in wheat. Theoretical and Applied
Genetics 114 (1): 21-30.
Li, G., S. Dreisigacker, M.L. Warburton,
X. Xia, Z. He, and Q.Sun. 2006. Development of a fingerprinting
database and assembling an SSR reference kit for genetic diversity
analysis of wheat [in Chinese, English abstract]. Acta
Agronomica Sinica 32 (12): 1771-1778.
Lillemo, M., F. Chen, X. Xia, M. William,
R.J. Pena, R. Trethowan, and Z. He. 2006. Puroindoline grain
hardness alleles in CIMMYT bread wheat germplasm. Journal
of Cereal Science. 44 (1): 86-92.
Mbogori, M.N., M. Kimani, A. Kuria, M. Lagat,
and J.W. Danson. 2006. Optmization of FTA technology for large
scale plant DNA isolation for use in marker assisted selection.
African Journal of Biotechnology 5 (9): 693-696.
Reif., J.C., M.L. Warburton, X. Xia, D.A.
Hoisington, J. Crossa, S. Taba, J. Muminovic, M. Bohn, M.
Frisch, and A.E. Melchinger. 2006. Grouping of accessions
of Mexican races of maize revisited with SSR markers. Theoretical
and Applied Genetics 113 (2): 177-185.
Rosewarne, G.M., R.P. Singh, J. Huerta-Espino,
H.M. William, S. Bouchet, S. Cloutier, H. McFadden, and E.S.
Lagudah. 2006. Leaf tip necrosis, molecular markers and ß1-proteasome
subunits associated with the slow rusting resistance genes
Lr46/Yr29. Theoretical and Applied Genetics
112 (3): 500-508.
Semagn,K., Å. Bjørnstad, H. Skinnes, A.G.
Marøy, Y. Tarkegne, and M. William. 2006. Distribution of
DArT, AFLP, and SSR markers in a genetic linkage map of a
doubled-haploid hexaploid wheat population. Genome
49 (5): 545-555.
Trethowan, R.M., A. Morgunov, Z. He, R.
De Pauw, J. Crossa, M.L. Warburton, A. Baytasov, C. Zhang,
M. Mergoum, and G. Alvarado. 2006. The global adaptation of
bread wheat at high latitudes. Euphytica 152 (3): 303-316.
Vargas,M., F.A. van Eeuwijk, J. Crossa,
and J-M. Ribaut. 2006. Mapping QTLs and QTL x environment
interaction for CIMMYT maize drought stress program using
factorial regression and partial least squares methods. Theoretical
and Applied Genetics 112 (6): 1009-1023.
Wang, H., X. Wan, J. Crossa, J. Crouch,
J. Weng, H. Zhai, and J. Wan. 2006. QTL mapping of grain length
in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using chromosome segment
substitution lines. Genetical Research 88 (2): 93-104.
Warburton, M.L., J. Crossa, J. Franco, M.
Kazi, R. Trethowan, S. Rajaram, W. Pfeiffer, P. Zhang, S.
Dreisigacker, and M. van Ginkel. 2006. Bringing wild relatives
back into the family: recovering genetic diversity in CIMMYT
improved wheat germplasm. Euphytica 149 (3): 289-301.
William, H.M., R.P. Singh, J. Huerta-Espino,
G. Palacios, and K. Suenaga. 2006. Characterization of genetic
loci conferring adult plant resistance to leaf rust and stripe
rust in spring wheat. Genome 49 (8): 977-990.
Zhang, P., S. Dreisigacker, A. Buerkert,
S. Alkhanjari, A.E. Melchinger, and M.L. Warburton. 2006.
Genetic diversity and relationships of wheat landraces from
Oman investigated with SSR markers. Genetic Resources and
Crop Evolution 53 (7): 1351-1360.
Book Chapters
William, M., M. Warburton, M. Morris, and
D. Hoisington. 2007. Technical, economic, and policy considerations
on marker assisted selection in crops: lessons from the experience
at an International Agriculture Research Center. In E. Guimaraes,
J. Ruane, B.D. Sherf, A. Sonnino, and J. D. Dargie (eds.):
Marker Assisted Selection: Current status and future perspectives
in crops, livestock, forestry and fish, pp. 381-404. Rome:
FAO.
Singh, R.P., J. Huerta-Espino, and M. William.
2006. Breeding for resistance to biotic stresses. In K.R.
Lamkey and M. Lee (eds.): Plant breeding: The Arnel R.
Hallauer International Symposium (2003: Mexico City, Mexico),
pp.310-322. Ames, IA (USA): Blackwell Publishing.
Ortiz, R., J.H. Crouch, M. Iwanaga, K.
Sayre, M.L. Warburton, J.L. Araus, J. Dixon, M. Bohn, B.V.S.
Reddy, S. Ramesh, and S.P. Wani. 2006. Bioenergy and agricultural
research for development. Brief 7 of 12. In: P. Hazell and
R.K. Pachauri (eds.): Bioenergy and agriculture: Promises
and challenges. Series: IFPRI 2020 Vision, Focus 14. Washington,
DC (USA): IFPRI.
Proceedings
Dreisigacker, S., M. Kishii, J. Lage, and
M. Warburton. 2006. Use of synthetic hexaploid wheat to increase
diversity for CIMMYT bread wheat improvement. 1st Synthetic
Wheat Symposium, 4-6 August, Brisbane, Australia.
Go back to Genetic
Resources Enhancement Unit
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